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Assuming the TMP concentration was same, integral values (number of 1H) of the organic solvent signals (control and dialysed) were calculated against calibrated TMP signal with an experimental error of ± 5 %. All the spectra were analysed and plotted using PlotTM software. 4.3.8. X-ray diffraction XRD was used to measure the inter-flake separation of the graphene paper prepared from dialysed graphene dispersions. X’Pert MPD, Philips was used and Bragg’s law was used to estimate the interlayer distance from the obtained 2𝜃 values. 4.3.9. Raman spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy is one of the primary characterisation techniques used in this project. The experimental setup of the Raman spectroscope is explained below. 4.3.9.1. Raman experimental setup A Renishaw 2000 spectrometer connected to an optical microscope and equipped with 633 nm HeNe laser (1.96 eV) as shown in Figure 4.13 was used for the majority of the studies. Whereas, for the doping studies, Raman 1000 spectrometer equipped with 514 nm Ar (2.41 eV) was used. The light beam passes through spatial filters, which contained a pair of lenses and a 10 μm pinhole. The light then passes through holographic notch filters which reflect the light towards the microscope. During the deformation tests, the polarisation of the laser beam was always parallel to the tensile axis. Chapter 4 – Methods 126PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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