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52 Graphene – Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Applications SCF is one of the potential reaction media for carrying out the graphene functionalization. Introduction of surfactant molecules during the SCF exfoliation could result in the homogeneously modified GS. As surfactant molecules are miscible with SCF and diffuse through the layers of graphite along with SCF, the graphite exfoliation and surface modification can be carried out simultaneously in a one pot process. Some researchers already have demonstrated that when the surfactant molecules with aromatic rings were chosen as a modifier, the π-π interaction between the graphene layer and aromatic ring of modifier molecules can result in the modifier-graphene composite without any damages to the graphene surface and its electronic conductivity. Recently, we have demonstrated the 1- pyrene sulfonic acid sodium salts (1-PSAs) modified GS by the novel one-pot in-situ SCF exfoliation and modification reaction using the mixture of ethanol and water as solvent [30]. The 1-PSAs molecules on the surface of graphene layers acted as electron withdrawing group resulting in an electron transfer from GS surface to 1-PSA molecules. This was confirmed by the Raman spectra. We also confirmed similar surface functionalization of graphene using SCM conditions. The 1-PSA molecule functionalization was also successful under the SCM conditions. This was confirmed by a red shift from 1572 cm-1 ~ 1576 cm-1, in the graphitic ‘G’ band of the Raman spectra. Figure 6 shows the red shift in G band of Raman spectra. SCF process is suitable for functionalization of graphene with various functional molecules through covalent or non covalent molecular engineering on the surface. ).u.a( ytisnetnI Fig. 6. Raman Spectra of G band region of as prepared and functionalized graphene nanosheets. The surface nature and functionality of 1-PSAs modified sample was confirmed by IR measurement. The figure 7 shows the typical IR spectrum of graphite and 1PSAs modified graphene. A weak vibration mode at ~3400 cm-1 reflects that a few hydroxyl groups are present on the edge and/or defect site of graphite. Whereas, the vibration modes of the hydroxyl group and sulfonic acid group were observed around ~3400 cm-1 and ~1180 cm-1 1G SMS NG-i 071 0861 061 04 1) 61 -mc 0261 (re 0 06 b 1m 08 un 51 eva 0651 W 0451 0251 05 0. 8. 6. 4.1 1000PDF Image | GRAPHENE SYNTHESIS CHARACTERIZATION PROPERTIES
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