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40 Graphene – Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Applications 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 Wavenumber (cm-1) Fig. 2. FT-IR spectra in KBr of the samples GO (a), RGO (b), RGO-PSS (c), RGO-Nafion (d) Figure 3 shows the UV/Vis spectra of polymer-coated RGO in water. RGO-PSS has two absorption peaks in the UV/Vis spectrum. The absorption at 230 nm ascribed to the PSS and that at 280 nm to reduced graphite oxide. It is known that the peak at 280 nm is the characteristic peak of graphite in solution. The intensities of the signal of the polymers (PSS and Nafion) are also small, indicating the polymer is strongly attached to the graphene surface [8]. In figure 3(b), Nafion-coated graphene show only the peak of the RGO. Due to the higher absorbance of RGO, Nafion peak may be getting masked in the spectrum, because there is not the absorption peak in UV/Vis spectrum of nafion. In figure 3, RGO-PSS and RGO-Nafion have all the characteristic peak of RGO. This shows that polymer-coated graphene have the stable state in the water solution. The chemical composition of both PSS- and Nafion-coated graphene was monitored by X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Figure 4 shows XPS analysis of graphite oxide and polymer-coated graphenes. The C 1s XPS spectrum of GO indicates a considerable degree of oxidation with four major signatures corresponding to carbon atoms in different functional groups. They are non-oxygenated ring C at 284.8 eV, C of C-O bonds at 286.1 eV, C of C=O at 287.3 eV, and that of carboxylate carbon (O-C=O) at 289.0 eV [12]. Oxygen functionalities of the graphite oxide were decreased during the reduction progressed. C 1s XPS of RGO-PSS and RGO-Nafion also showed similar to spectra of GO. However the intensities of oxygenated carbon peaks are considerably decreased, implying reduction. In addition, there is an additional component at 285.8 eV corresponding to C bound to nitrogen of hydrazones. The C 1s XPS spectrum of the Nafion-coated reduced graphite oxide sample also contains a component peak at 292.7 eV corresponding to the fluorine-bonded carbon atoms from Nafion. d c b a Transmittance (%)PDF Image | GRAPHENE SYNTHESIS CHARACTERIZATION PROPERTIES
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