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Lanthanides in Luminescent Thermometry Chapter 281 387 FIG. 22 Scheme of the different routes to design ratiometric luminescent thermometers based on Ln3+ complexes with organic ligands (eg, dicarboxylate and diketone N-based ligands). Next, we show some illustrative examples of each type of material to gain a general view of their respective thermometric performance relatively to their composition and structure, and the methods for their production. 5.1 Crystals of Ionic Complexes Thermometric systems based on crystals of ionic complexes are uncommon, but we can find a very early example reported by Sato et al. (1989). This ther- mometer was based on a physical mixture of Eu3+ and Tb3+ salts with b-diketone ligands, or on a chemical mixture of these ions in a double salt. The salts were powdered and spread on a glass substrate to form a thermomet- ric layer. The authors considered that the thermally driven energy transition depopulating the radiative energy state occurred through the first excited trip- let levels (T1 and T01) of the ligands bound to different Ln3+ ions, 5D4!T1!T01!5D0. Therefore, it was stated that the two ions should be preferably in the same crystal lattice to favor the energy transfer betweenPDF Image | HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS
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