PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 387
352 Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths FIG. 2 Energy levels of (A) Yb3+/Er3+ and (B) Nd3+ ions used for thermometry. (Fig. 2). Optical-fiber temperature sensors were demonstrated in 1998 using the Er3+ emission lifetime at 1540 nm in Er-implanted Si samples (Kewell et al., 1998) and in 2007 through Er3+ fluorescence lines excited by means of a semiconductor laser-induced upconversion in Yb3+/Er3+-doped fluoride glasses (Berthou and J€orgensen, 1990). For a detailed description of fluorescence-based optical fiber thermometers, the review paper of Wade et al. (2003) is also worth mentioning. Luminescent thermometers based on the emission intensity of a single transition depend critically on the illumination fluctuations and the local changes of the phosphor concentration. Thus, although it can be used, end- user applications are not compatible with recursive calibration procedures. In the literature, many examples, especially devoted to proof-of-concept lumi- nescent thermometers, can be found describing single emission from Ln3+ ions (Peng et al., 2010a; Sun et al., 2010), QDs (Li et al., 2007; Liu et al., 2006; Maestro et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2008), and organic molecules (Chauhan et al., 2014; Donner et al., 2012; Gota et al., 2008; Okabe et al., 2012; Uchiyama et al., 2003; Yarimaga et al., 2011). All the recognized lim- itations of this emission approach can, however, be mitigated by the use of a second emission with the purpose to serve as an internal standard to calibrate the response of the luminescent probe. This is a truly long-standing concept discussed in the 1970s (Kusama et al., 1976; Mikkelsen and Wallach, 1977) and firstly implemented in 1980s using ZnCdS (Samulski and Shrivastava, 1980) and CdS:Eu3+ phosphors (Samulski et al., 1982) that have experienced a noteworthy advance in the last decade (Brites et al., 2012; Jaque and Vetrone, 2012; Wang et al., 2013b).PDF Image | HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS
PDF Search Title:
HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHSOriginal File Name Searched:
Chemistry-Rare-Earths-49.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2 Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2. Gamma sulfur also known as mother of pearl sulfur and nacreous sulfur... More Info
CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)