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resistance values recorded during discharge (R’max) and charge (R”max) as a function of temperature (1000/T), classical activated behavior/evolution is observed (Figure 6-28). Figure 6-28. The maximum resistance recorded during discharge (R’max) and charge (R”max) as a function of temperature. Figure 6-29 shows how the Nyquist plot evolves at different temperatures. Only spectra recorded at the end of discharge and charge (for each temperature) are presented. It can be seen that when decreasing the temperature, the response of lithium/electrolyte interphase is increasing as well. Indeed, the passivating layer is less conducting for Li+ at lower temperatures. Regarding the response of RPS//CPEPS at the end of discharge (LF semicircle), it can be noticed that a decrease of the temperature (from 25 °C to 0 °C) induces a large increase of RPS, whereas further temperature decrease (to -20°C and -30 °C) results in the decrease of the resistance. It may be related to several antagonistic effects: (i) it can be related with the covering of the active surface, thus driven by the covering factor (geometric). Lower Li2S formation at lower temperatures, as discussed previously, may decrease the covering factor, thus decrease the resistive character of Li2S passivation layer; (ii) the kinetics of the polysulfide reactions may be slowed down at lower temperature, inducing resistance increase and in addition (iii) diffusion process is swept towards lower frequency when the temperature decreases, thus it is less over-imposed with the polysulfides charge transfer reaction (visual decrease of the semi- circle). Chapter 6: EIS and low temperature studies 225PDF Image | Accumulateur Lithium Soufre
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